3 flats with one septic tank, the other flat with one Septic Tank. as it would to dig 5 meters away to create a soak away. Table 2 Soakaway Area Requirements at. Regression analysis for the bacteriological quality of borehole water in relation to soak away distance: Summary output REGRESSION STATISTICS Multiple R 0. 5 metres from the boundary. We are happy to help, call us on 0800 3101092 or via our contact form. Refill the hole with water to a depth of 150mm and observe the time, in minutes, for water to seep completely away. The designer for my extension put a soakaway in the middle of my front garden but the neighbours garage was only a few metres away, and there's probably only about 6 m between the edge of my proposed extension and the. Guidance on Soakaways How to calculate the size required, and how to test the soils for its suitability, can be found in BRE Digest 365: 2016. What a cesspool does. the back garden is on a slight slope towards the house, so they said this would remedy. Hi. We used to lay them before the 70s (when perforated plastic came in) on my Dad's farm which was heavy clay soil. Within 6 months. This is to avoid any issue or possible interaction with either your property or. cast and suck away the water from the present hole and use crane to lift and throw it in the hole. The location of a latrine at a safe distance from water sources is 40m (minimum) Figure 3. If you have to install a new ST, it must be 5 metres from a building, 5 metres from a boundary or road, and 10 metres from a watercourse. " As for the soakaway/drainage field this should be as follows. 5 metres (that is halfway between the house and the 'lack of pipe'). A Sewage Treatment Plant does not necessarily need a drainage field. Poor maintenance of the Soakaway filters. This will then (apparently, I'm none too familiar with this stuff) result in a new soakaway having to be dug further down the garden, and the pipework rerouted into it around the conservatory. Common guidelines require at least 50' clearance distance between a well and a septic system tank or 150' between a well and a septic drainfield or leaching bed but you will. At least 2. It also incorporates previous amendments. Distance between the water abstraction point (well, spring, bore hole) and the house is 50 metres. A t = Area of the drainage field in m 2. (d) A soakaway pit or trench should be located sufficiently far away from building foundations, watercourses and wells, in order to safeguard public health and maintain the structural integrity of nearby buildings. 2m3 per crate) £36. if its not under building regs you can do it any distance, min 5m is the ideal I suppose. Soakaways should be built a distance of at least 5. 5m deep in a lower part of your garden and preferably at the bottom of a slope. Same distances apply to the soakaway. 0 Introduction. filled the hole at 1820, and by 2217 it had possibly (possibly) moved 2cm, but I suspect thats more hope than anything. Distance to House: Part H within the building regulations suggest that Soakaways will need to be more than 5 meters away from the property. If you have a combined system, the dyed test water show up in the chamber from both foul and surface sources. #1 Hi guys, does anyone know whether British Standards state if there is a min distance a rainwater soakaway has to be from a property and a neighbours. 5m = 19. A retaining wall in your back yard is unlikely to have any waterproofing. 8m 3 . This publication is available in html and also in. 2 – How Far Away From the House Must it be Located? The regulations state that a rainwater soakaway must be located at least five metres from the wall of a building and. Ground percolation tests may help to prove that siting the soakaway nearer to the building would not be an issue. Comparison of SuDS to traditional soakaways Well-designed shallow SuDS that are at or close to the ground surface are quite different from traditional soakaway drainage. Ratings: +42,529. 9. For this reason homogenous clays are generally unsuited to soakaways as they can have very low infiltration rates. ie the length of your house in metres multiplied by the width. A cesspool doesn't have an outlet pipe. A cesspool is a sealed tank connected to a property by drains. Get in touch to book a Free Quote or just to talk through your project design. Must lay a layer of sand and gravel at the bottom to disperse the effluent flow. 25. Water goes into thePipeline connections to the chamber shall be in accordance with Clause 507 (3 and 15) of the Department of Transport's "Specification for Highways Works". We recently moved into an old terraced house (c. The main provisions of these regulations are: The Sewage Treatment Plant must be sited more than 7m from habitable property. #1. soakaway. Where an existing soakaway shows signs of instability it is recommended that after the remedial measures have been completed the bottom two metres of the chamber be sealed with a bituthene coating protected by a 150mm thick dwarf wall formed from Class ST4 concrete. These septic component clearance distance tables below give distance requirements between septic components and wells, streams, trees, property boundaries, lakes, etc. Septic Soakaway Installation, Leach Field or Drainage Field Installation UK. This is one of. It is a gravity-fed, vertical underground system that can capture surface water from impervious surfaces, then store and gradually infiltrate the. My property was constructed in around 1969 and the roof guttering runs along the fascias of the property and then flows into a vertical downpipe. 8m 3 . distribution pipe minimum 300 dia 3/4 perforated pipe with perforations pointing up. 1. South. Approved Document H gives guidance on additional measures needed where drains have to run close to foundations. 2019/11/10 Kristina Daddio . Soakaway/Septic Tank Cleaning & Evacuation Costs – N70,000 -N105,000. Collapsed or displaced pipes in the soakaway. Background Groundwater drawn from shallow tubewells in Bangladesh is often polluted by nearby pit latrines, which are commonly used toilets in rural and sub-urban areas of the country. Septic tank and soakaway: An in-house full flush-toilet connected via pipe and plumbing fixtures to an underground watertight settling chamber (the ‘digester’) with a liquids outlet to a subsoil drainage/soakaway system. Fill the hole with water and allow it to seep away overnight. Apply common sense. The magnitude of any negative effects is determined by the size and infiltration volume of the soakaway , the distance to the slope, the slope gradient and the local geology. Septic Tank is installed where there is no proper drainage system. Just like changing the oil in your car, maintaining your septic system extends its life for a small cost compared to the expense of installing a new system, which typically runs $15,000 or more. You must have 7 metres of distance between your home and your septic tank. Same distances apply to the soakaway. Hey all, My driveway project is about to start. Connect the effluent carrying pipe to the soak. How deep should a soak away be? How deep should a soakaway be? The Perforated pipe should be laid at a minimum depth of 200mm and a maximum depth of 700mm. There are a few other things to think about such as getting a fall in the pipework, and bedding it on a layer of gravel, but it's not rocket science. ACO Water Management 's Oliver Collins. How Far Should a Soakaway be From the House? You need to ensure its far enough from the structure to prevent damage — 5 metres is the. French Drains – How They Work. or St. If the discharge is to a soak away a sampling point must be provided before the soak away. Expect to pay between £830 and £1,140 to install a soakaway drain underneath a driveway. 1 March 2017. If you don't find the pipe, come in 1. 2. The system performs this function through these 3 steps: Rapid Separation of solid waste from wastewater. Then out a layer of your landscaping fabric across the surface. generally on a house extension, the gullies are joined by 110mm pipe below the ground and then 1 pipe goes to a soakaway. 3. The phrase soakaway is often, wrongly, used in relation to septic tank and sewage treatment plant discharges to ground: A soakaway is used for surface water (rainwater from roofs, paved areas etc) A. Fill the test hole with water to a depth of at least 300mm (12in). Refill the hole with water to a depth of 150mm and observe the time, in minutes, for water to seep completely away. Step 2 – Prepare the crates. For soakaways serving areas greater than 25m² reference should be made to BS EN 752-4, or BRE Digest 365 Soakaway design. despite what the building regs say' would be much use as a defence in a court case if your neighbour's house started making it's way towards your. #1. The 2015 edition takes effect on 1 October 2015 for use in England. Many local authorities and engineers recommend have regulations on the distance and location of soakaways. BIODIGESTER SYSTEM SOAKAWAY. Discharges in a flood risk area should also be avoided. #2. Reaction score. Therefore in the above example. Yes, they have cut our shared surface water drain, and propose to divert the shared down pipe across to their side to flow onto their new extension roof, then through the guttering and down pipe on the end of extension to their new soak away. It has oil central heating, can anyone give me an idea of running costs? It's a good size Victorian farmhouse. e. This water flows out of the tank and into soakaway drainage field. Mary Long-Dhonau explains: “ [The size of. 10-meter-distance (34-foot) from a stream or ditch It should be 50 meters (164 feet) away. See more of Soakaway crates on Facebook. 15m from any building, and sufficiently distant from any other soakaway, including roof water. The two septic tank Got Filled and the Soakaway. 5 metres. On 2018. for land drain & trench soak away, pipe bedding and surround to be 20mm. Soakaway pit Pit latrine Animal trough Water source Soakaway pit 30m (min) 6m 30m (min) 40m (min) (After SKAT, 2007) Figure 2. A soakaway has to let the water soak away if it is to be successful. 5 3. This calculation produces Vp in secs/mm [conversion = (1/Vp) /1000]. Can I put a soakaway next to my house?. septic tank distance from house How far should a septic tank be from a house? How far should a soakaway be from a building? How far should the soakaway be from a well,. (LPAs) might require that you keep a distance of 10-15 feet between your fence and shed for safety reasons or other legal considerations. Soakaways manage surface water at its source instead of draining it away via a stream or sewer system. Also, to the front of my proposed house is a road surface water drain. I did wonder about the soakaway issue which is why I want to trace the drain run. Check out Labc soakaways. Percolation test procedure for surface water soakaways. The insides of the excavation can become smeared, particularly by mechanical diggers building a soakaway in clay soils. The remaining liquid drains from the tank by an outlet pipe and soakaway. A soakaway is a hole that is dug into the ground and then filled with coarse stone/rubble or specially designed plastic crates. The bigger the better. The gravel should be sufficiently large to allow water to seep through to the bottom of the structure. At Nicholls we work with the client/drainage consultant to design the most appropriate deep bore soakaway to provide a solution where a traditional soakaway or conventional drainage is impractical or too costly. I do advise that the slabs slope away from the house which may help minimise the need for drainage. This discussion moved to SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCES - TEXAS 18 Aug 2015. Continue to 5 of 12 below. How big should I make the soak away. 4. These are used to hook up the crates to prevent movement while the side-filling materials are added. Get in contact for a Free quote. In order to carry out a BRE 365 Soakaway Test you will need to excavate some trial holes, and fill then with water and watch how quickly in soaks away. Or get some. This is set away from the septic tank and wastewater is released into it and diffused through the rocks, slowly escaping into the ground. Before installing the soakaway, you have to dig a test pit, fill it with water and time how long it takes to drain away. 1 For disposal of non-domestic wastewater, the setback distance shall be determined by a hydrogeological study in accordance with Section 17(b) of Chapter 3, but shall not be less than the distances shown in Table 4. This is normally an infiltration field through which. 50 metres of a chalk river or aquatic local wildlife site. 00 3. The repairs can then be authorised with your insurance company prior to works being completed. Question: OSSF Clearance Distance for Septic in Texas . --. A watercourse (ditch, stream, or river) is defined as a distance of 10 metres. The back garden is large enough to contain such a soak-away far enough from buildings and boundaries, but in this type of soil it's probably a waste of time. The condensate pipework may terminate above or below ground level. If above ground the condensate pipe must be protected with a waterproof lagging. 2662m3. Limestone or fissured rock allows pathogens to travel much further. Hi, we had a new combi fitted 10 months ago. Summary: This Standard gives design guidance on how soakaways shall be incorporated into systems used to treat and. Should not be close to another soakaway or in a location where the water may. Where deep drains are necessary, the hole should conform to this shape at the bottom, but may be enlarged above the 300mm level to enable safe excavation to be carried out. . You can either infill with clean hardcore or crates (see what BC will accept: some insist on crates) but either way line the hole with Terram. 6m trench: 22. Gravel Rubble Heavy-duty landscaping fabric Drainage pipe (optional and at least 75mm in diameter as this the minimum required for a surface water drainage system) Steps: To. It depends on what the water table level is like where you live. 6. Once the hole is dug to the correct depth, add a layer of gravel at the base, approximately 1000mm. You may require a larger soakaway for a house. Septic tank and soakaway: An in-house full flush-toilet connected via pipe and plumbing fixtures to an underground watertight settling chamber (the ‘digester’) with a liquids outlet to a subsoil drainage/soakaway system. You can buy these off-the-shelf to sit between your drainage pipe and soakaway crates. You’ll need a new bottle gulley under the new down pipe. In this guide, we will look at what a soakaway is and how it relates to a septic tank. Poor maintenance of the Soakaway filters. The wastewater generated in the house from the kitchen and bathrooms has to be disposed of. This can be caused by natural movements in the soil or say by driving a heavy car etc over the drainage field. If you are installing under a driveway make sure the concrete slab extends past the void itself by 500mm on each side. The pipe end entering the soakaway must be at a depth of 25mm minimum and the end of the pipe cut at 45° Septic Tank – distance from house in England & Wales. Above the crates we recommend a 150mm sand/gravel layer and a further 150mm – 350mm of backfill depending upon the application. This is called a percolation test. Soakaway capacity to hold maximum daily rainfall (taken as 40mm) Storage depth minimum 1. (A separation distance of 25m is specified for free water surface constructed wetlands to neighbouring dwelling houses. complying with rule that it must be 5m from permanent wall). Site Distance Requirements for Drywells This sketch (from New York's Wastewater Regulations) shows the recommended site clearances between seepage pit (used to receive septic tank effluent in this case) and other building and site features. This enables aerobic contact between the effluent and the drainage stone and soil particles. I was wondering if the distance from a house to the soakaway should be at least five meters. A 1,000-gallon tank is sufficient for a three-bedroom house. To increase the drainage in extremely waterlogged gardens, dig a trench wide enough for a drainage pipe running from the area that needs draining towards the soakaway. A wastewater treatment system is an effective, economical way of treating wastewater from buildings. If you have opened a foul only drain, the. We do this for two reasons. Which body is responsible for enforcing the location of the soakaway being a sufficient distance from the boundary, and also the new building, in accordance with Council Policy? Is. 2. however I would try and use this to gently persuade your neighbour to move it the 5 metre distance, before bringing in the big guns! Good luck. After this, add the remaining rubble so that it surrounds the drainage pipe entering the pit. 14 Soakaways near roads can saturate the subsurface pavement layers, leading to rutting, settlement, and premature pavement failure. 0 3. It must be at least 50 metres away from any water. MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM SEPTIC SOAK WAY BUILDING PROPERTY BOUNDARIES WELLS CUTS OR EMBARKMENTS WATER PIPES LARGE TREES 1. 2) m3 is suitable for a family with 4-5 members, which has the capacity to carry 300 per lit discharge in the day. Soakaways collect all surface water run-off. If the discharge is to a soak away a sampling point must be provided before the soak away. It serves the function of letting the wastewater coming from the septic tank to slowly soak into the underlying ground. Fill the hole with water and come back and check it the next morning. FAQs about clearances for septic tank, drainfield, soakaway bed, & wells:. Septic Tank Regulations. Devon. The excavation can proceed in a similar manner to any deep drainage excavation. flameport said: You cannot build a soakaway next to your house. g. Calculate: A sp (area of base of soak pit) = 5. Drainage fields must be a minimum of 10m from a watercourse, 50m from a water abstraction point and 15m from a building. Always cover the soakaway crates with a geotextile membrane to maintain the performance of the system. Does this mean I can site my soakaway much closer to the boundary (2-3 m) than Building Regs require. My septic tank is 15' feet from house following leach is 280' feet away from Septic tank and farthest end of leach field is almost 7' foot drop in elevation. For this, dig a hole at least 1. Martin’s House, Waterloo Road, Dublin 4 Tel: +353 1 660 2511 Fax +353 1 668 0009 Email: infoDMRB@nra. This is called a percolation test. You may also have a problem with the small. If it is disposed of in open it not only creates unhygienic. The Building Standards technical handbooks provide guidance on achieving the standards set in the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 and are available in two volumes, domestic buildings and non-domestic buildings. 5. Beyond that and the minimum clearance distance is that we have already given above on this page, distance is going to be determined by the site and the available space. kingandy2nd. DISTANCE TO SEPTIC TANK gives details of making a septic location sketch. For deeper excavations please seek specialist advice. Jan 20, 2015. flameport said: You cannot build a soakaway next to your house. It collects the waste foul water from a property. Collapsed or displaced pipes in the soakaway. View Details. 5m from any boundary. hi guys!!!!! ive noticed water in my cellar it seems level with area where the soakaway leaves the house. POSITIONS. The area you require is determined by the rate of percolation multiplied by the number or people in the household (the maximum occupancy, not the number of people in your family ) multiplied by 0. Martin’s House, Waterloo Road, Dublin 4 Tel: +353 1 660 2511 Fax +353 1 668 0009 Email: [email protected] and the width of the front garden is 5. The original driveway drained into the rainwater sewer, but I will be enlarging the driveway. Within 6 months. We were told that Texas requirements are. A surface drain layed against the house plumbed into a new soakaway (1 cubic meter per 25 square meter of paved area) providing the existing paving is flat and running towards house should solve the problem. Buried since the house was built in mid 90's. 3 = 2. Permeable pavement with infiltration close to house foundations The key elements of the Part H rules are that the soakaway must be 5 meters from a building or road. The distance from the road path to my house front is 6. This is to prevent any negative effects from the infiltrating water on the house foundations. #1. 995652485 Adjusted R. 6. Bore a hole 150mm in diameter with an auger, to a depth of one metre. For this reason, they must be a set distance away from a home. Hi, a soak away should be a minimum of 5 metres away from your property and if your drive is sloping towards the house you need a minimum of a ACO drain against the house but depending on the length and steepness of your drive you may need two. sited to take account of. south australian health commission code v contents foreword iii table of figures viii glossary of terms ix 1 introduction 1 2 information & enquiries 2The soakaway would be sited about 11-13 metres from the house (end of our very small garden) and there is a large leylandii in the neighbours garden to the rear of ours - probably within 5 metres from where I plan the soakaway. ConversationsOld drywell. Small bore solid-free sewer: An in-house toilet discharging to a septic tank (or on-site digester) with liquids disposal viaExcavate a hole 300mm square to the proposed depth of the pit and trench. #9. Hi all, I was recently looking into purchasing a small building plot , problem is it has a neighbours soakaway right on the rear boundary and is virtually impossible to get the 7m distance and still build anything worthwhile, it' s a real shame as is a very nice plot. For example, 50m2 roof area requires a rubble filled soakaway of (50m 2 x(50/3000))/0. How far should a soakaway be from the house? You need to ensure it is far enough from the structure to prevent damage. The total garden depth is only about 6. 26 (£30. Then, add the heavy-duty landscaping fabric across the stone. For example, if your soakaway is to be placed at the bottom of the garden and your garden is 30m long, the pipe will be 300mm deeper when it gets to the soakaway. On mine you can work it out by looking at the pipe outlets to it. A French drain is a perforated pipe that acts to collects groundwater from all around. 5 meters from the boundary. The Nicholls team can also work. Menu. I am wondering are there separation distances required between a proposed soakaway and nearby well/percolation areas etc? Surely a soakaway is just filled with rainwater which cannot interfere with these items. Whats the minimum distance you would want to place your drain field from your septic tank A Soak Pit, also known as a soakaway or leach pit, is a covered, porous-walled chamber set in the ground that allows water to slowly percolate. It should be located at a safe distance from a drinking water source (ideally more than 30 m). It does not have to be beautiful, to scale, nor expensive. So Is the site totally undev. Steps to apply for building control compliance: Step 1: Check if you need it. 50m from water abstraction points, boreholes, springs. Only clean, uncontaminated surface water shall beCondensate Soakaway Code: SOAK1GR 500mm minimum 3 0 0 m m Hole width 200mm CODE: SOAK1GR Hole and SOAK1GR filled with 10mm Limestone Chippings Holes in SOAK1GR to face away from wall Hole depth 400mm Ground Level Maximum Possible Gradient Side Connection Top Connection 2 3 0 0 m m 1 3 —110mm —100mm 5 4. see note 11 for dual system and soakaways. 9 Oct 2019. Whats the minimum distance you would want to place your drain field from your septic tankA Soak Pit, also known as a soakaway or leach pit, is a covered, porous-walled chamber set in the ground that allows water to slowly percolate. This can be caused by natural movements in the soil or say by driving a heavy car etc over the drainage field. How sewage treatment works: The plants basically work through 4 operations: within the tank, solid waste is broken down by bacteria and. They are typically formed from square, or circular, pits filled with rubble or lined with dry jointed masonry or perforated concrete ring units. VP x Population x 0. Hajji M. First published in 1991 as a replacement for the old BRE 151, BRE 365 has become the standard methodology for soakaway design in the UK. CAPACITY OF SEPTIC TANK:-capable of storing sewage flow during detention period &extra volume of sludge for . To build a soakaway, you will need drainage pipes and gravel. For an easy-to-access garden, you can expect a small soakaway to cost around £1,000. Your soak away should be 5 meters from the house if the drainage is installed correct then it's a safe option. 0 xfor diameter up to 3. The discharge point shall be more than 10m from habitable property. 10 metres away from the watercourse or stream. The downpipes for the house are then run into the soakaway, and the top. This guidance applies to wastewater systems that operate essentially under gravity. Fill your pit; Fill the bottom of your pit with about 15cm of compacted sand or shingle. You must drain into a soakaway unless it is impracticable to do so ie the existing ground conditions will not allow a soakaway to work or you do not have the space to build one (they need to be min 5m away from any buildings). It allows water to filter through it and soak away into the ground. A percolation test will give you a good idea about how quickly your soil absorbs water and is therefore a vital first step before building a soakaway. Refill the hole and time how long the water takes to seep away from the 75% point to the 25% point (this is 150mm). . You must have 7 metres of distance between your home and your septic tank. For a house with well-draining soils and 750 square feet of rooftop to be managed, the soakage trench should be 15 feet long. To calculate the size/volume of a rubble filled soakaway, the same calculation can be used but the result divided by 0. The soakaway should then be filled with 10mm limestone chippings; Soakaway Installation. Hi, a soak away should be a minimum of 5 metres away from your property and if your drive is sloping towards the house you need a minimum of a ACO drain against. And one central Soakaway and we channeled the bathroom and kitchen water to the Soakaway. You could potentially do away with gutters and have dispersal straight from the roof edge. #3. The outflow from the reed bed is then clean water that can discharged safely to an existing water course or to a soakaway or land drain. The soakaway must be a minimum of 10 metres from a watercourse, 15 metres from a building and 50 metres from a borehole or spring. 0m; Soakaways to be honeycombed brickwork, hollow concrete rings, or storage cells; Volume required = design area x rainfall (0. A soakaway is a hole dug into the ground that is filled with coarse stone and rubble or plastic crates. So Is the site totally undev. At best, it will do nothing. f - is the soil infiltration rate, in m/s, determined in accordance with clause 3. Common soakaway designs include trenches, pits, and modular systems made from various materials like concrete, plastic, or stone. This is to avoid any issue or possible interaction with either your property or. #1. Soakaway and Septic tanks with very long distance kilometers to the discharge points can also affects how much it will cost to clean and evacuate the Septic Tank contents. Step 3 – Prepare the base. At best, it will do nothing. They are also referred to as dry wells, soak wells or soak pits in other countries, but in the UK are known as soakaways. Distance of soakaway from buildings: 5: Aug 30, 2010:. A simpler approach is to excavate the trial pit to establish whether a soakaway is likely to work or not, rather than determine just how effectively it will actually work. Country. 2 = 40m2. This means, in total, your soakaway is 1600mm or 1. Unfortunately, in my case that's quite far from the back of the house so it would involve extensive pipework, including under my driveway, and be very expensive. and copyrighted in 1996, to compensate for clay and impervious soils and high water table. Design Considerations. However the soakaway is now struggling to cope with the use from our house, especially now we seem to get biblical style weather more frequently… I need to. A percolation test can be conducted by taking the following steps: Dig a 300mm square hole to a depth of 300mm below the proposed invert level of the drainage field. Country. Your sewage treatment plant has to be 5 metres away from trees, fences and hedges, 10 metres away from a watercourse or stream, and 50 metres away from any lake or foreshore. 6m deep. discharge point below the soakaway, and within the unsaturated zone above the water. Estimate of Soak Pit. S - is the required storage in m 3. p = Number of persons served by the tank. £1500 - £2000. 5m-1. The Building Standards technical handbooks provide guidance on achieving the standards set in the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 and are available in two volumes, domestic buildings and non-domestic buildings. 29 ex VAT)True Oga mi. 5 x 0. Don’t delay we can help you today! Call 0800 181 684 for all your drainage needs. It includes design guidance for soakaway pits, trench soakaways and general advice for. Materials such as the crate, membrane, pipe, gully, and gravel average £350,. But my point about the clay gulley is that they are (almost) invariably cracked, broken and leaking. 2 can be used. If the soak away is dug into solid clay, this will only take a limited amount of water as it will fill quickly in heavy rain. Hole 300mm square to depth of 300mm below where pipe will go into the soakaway. Table 2 Soakaway Area Requirements at. DETENTION PERIOD:- 12 to 36 hrs (adopted 24hrs) LENGTH TO WIDTH RATIO:- Length is 2 to3 times of width. 0 3. Martin’s House, Waterloo Road, Dublin 4 Tel: +353 1 660 2511 Fax +353 1 668 0009.